Facial trauma can profoundly impact physical appearance and essential functions such as speaking, eating, and expressing emotions. The complexity of the facial nerve network makes the system vulnerable to injury during accidents, falls, sports injuries, or other traumatic events.
Types of facial trauma
Facial trauma encompasses a broad spectrum of injuries, each presenting its unique challenges. Some common types include:
- Fractures: These may involve the facial bones, including the jaw, cheekbones, nose, and eye sockets. Fractures can indirectly affect the facial nerve by disrupting its surrounding structures.
- Nerve injury: Direct trauma to the facial nerve or surrounding tissues can lead to nerve damage, resulting in facial weakness or paralysis.
- Soft tissue injuries: Lacerations, cuts, or damage to facial muscles, skin, and blood vessels can cause disfigurement and affect facial function.
- Burns: Thermal or chemical burns can cause extensive damage to facial tissues, including the nerve network.